And the chou was the clown and court jester. The jing roles were heroes, demons, statesmen and others. Traditionally, dan roles were played by men and sheng were roles such as scholars, warriors or officials. The Anhui tradition later incorporated other operatic forms from Wuhan and Shansi and the amalgamation of these forms are now known as the classical Beijing Opera.Īlthough many regional styles exist, four main roles remain in common: the female (dan), male (sheng), the painted face (jing) and the clown (chou). The most well-known is the Beijing Opera, which compared to the Kun Opera which can be traced back to the start of the Song dynasty, is a relatively new form of opera which was established by a troupe from Anhui that was invited to perform at Emperor Qianlong’s 80th birthday in 1790. Chinese Opera has evolved into over three hundred regional forms and styles that still exist today. And thousands of years after his death, opera performers today are still referred to as disciples of the Pear Garden. Traditional opera had its beginnings during the Tang dynasty when Emperor Xuanzong established a national troupe called the Pear Garden.
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